Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Serie C
Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Serie C was published by the Geological Survey of Denmark (Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse; DGU) between 1984 and 1995. It consists of 13 printed volumes of peer-reviewed monographs and research articles relevant to Danish geology and gesocience. This series replaced Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse (I–V). Række. DGU merged with the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) in 1995 to form a single organisation, GEUS. The two surveys maintained their own scientific series until these too were merged into one, GEUS Bulletin, in 2003. Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Serie C is discontinued and is not open for submissions.
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Pliocene - Middle Pleistocene biostratigraphy in the Central Danish North Sea wells E-1, P-1 and TWB-12
Six foraminiferal assemblage zones and 6 subzones have been identified in the boreholes TWB-12, P-1 and E-1. The zones cover the interval from the Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene. In TWB-12 and E-1 the Pliocene /Pleistocene boundary is placed at the first common occurrence of the species Elphidium oregonense. This species was not found in P-1, and the boundary is here, tentatively, placed above the last local occurrence of Cibicides grossus. The palaeoecological variations indicated by the Pleistocene assemblages, suggest several oscillations both in water depth and in palaeotemperature. A cold, shallow water interval with Elphidium oregonense at the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary is followed by a Early Pleistocene warm, deep water interval with a high content of the genera Stainforthia and Bulimina. These deposits are probably from the warm Tiglian stage. The succeeding Early Pleistocene fauna! assemblages indicate a cold, upwards shallowing environment, and in this interval the arctic species Elphidiella gorbunovi often has a short ranged occurrence. The fauna! assemblages of the overlying deposits are characterized by the species Elphidium ustulatum and Elphidium albiumbilicatum, and indicates nearshore/ deltaic conditions. This part of the sequence probably includes the Early /Middle Pleistocene boundary. The uppermost assemblages in the examined sequence indicate arctic, shallow water conditions. They are, probably, of Saalian age, and are referred to Middle Pleistocene.
Foraminiferal biozonation in the Early Pleistocene in the Central North Sea
Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits from 66 boreholes from the central and northern North Sea have been examined for their content of benthic foraminifera. In this area the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary is generally placed at the bottom or middle of the Elphidium oregonense Subzone or at the last local occurrence of Cibicides grossus. A detailed study of the temporal relationship between these two species in the western part of the Danish sector shows, that the last local occurrence of Cibicides grossus in this area is older than the Elphidium oregonense Subzone. On the basis of the results concerning the Lower Pleistocene an emendation of the foraminiferal biostratigraphy for this sub-series is proposed and related to previous work on the biostratigraphy and palaeogeography of the North Sea area. The investigation indicates the existence of two distinct new subzones within the Elphidiella hannai/Cassidulina teretis range: The oldest of the two new subzones is an Acme-zone with Buliminidae as the characteristic taxon, and it is named the Stainforthia/Bulimina Subzone. The depositional environment was a boreal shelf with a water depth presumed to exceed 100 m. Based on its stratigraphic position and enviromental indications the Subzone is referred to the Tiglian stage. The youngest of the two new subzones is a local Range-zone, defined by the presence of the arctic species Elphidiella gorbunovi, and it is named the Elphidiella gorbunovi Subzone. The depositional environment was an arctic shelf with a water depth of less than 50 m. The occurrence of Elphidiella gorbunovi in the central North Sea thus indicates a cold interval in either the Eburonian or the Menapian stage. Succeeding the Elphidiella gorbunovi Subzone, the foraminiferal fauna and the sediment indicate increasingly near-coastal environment and a warming of the climate.
Jurassic palynostratigraphy of Bornholm, Baltic Sea, Denmark
Samples of the Rønne Formation have been collected from exposures at Munkerup, Sose Bugt and Galgeløkke and n.vo boreholes, Galgeløkke-1 and -2, at Galgeløkke south of Rønne (Fig. 1). The Hasle Formation was sampled at the type section south of Hasle harbour, at Korsodde and from the Levka-1 and Hasle-1 boreholes. The Baga Formation, that consists of the previously defined Levka, Sorthat and Baga beds (Gry, 1969; Gravesen et al. 1982), was sampled from Mo sections within the Hasle Klinkerfabrik clay pit, from the coastal section at Korsodde, and from four cored boreholes the Levka-1, 106, 107 and 109 at the Hasle Klinkerfabrik clay pit (Nielsen & Koppelhus 1989, 1991; Koppelhus & Nielsen 1994). The samples were processed for their palynological content using the standard techniques developed at the Geological Survey of Denmark (Poulsen et al, 1990). They were examined by transmitted light microscopy. All of the slides are stored in the collections of the Department of Stratigraphy. at the Geological Survey of Denmark.
A stratigraphic interpretation of the Oxfordian-Valaginian deposits in the Danish Subbasin
Six sequences are identified in the Upper Jurassic and lowermost Cretaceous Flyvbjerg-, Børglum- and Frederikshavn Formations of the Danish Subbasin. Sequence boundaries and maximum flooding surfaces are interpreted on the basis of log analysis, biostratigraphy and lithology of core samples. Parasequences and parasequence sets are mainly recognized in shallow marine sediments. The gamma ray and SP logs of the sequences have an overall cyclic character, indicating the presence of upward fining deposits overlain by upward coarsening deposits. A blocky log pattern or an upward decreasing trend lowermost in the sequence represents sanddominated sediments, and it is interpreted as lowstand deposits caused by forced regression. The overlying interval with upward fining deposits comprise transgressive deposits. The interval between maximum flooding surface and the upper sequence boundary has an upward coarsening trend, and it probably includes the highstand deposits.
Correlation of Miocene North Sea sequences with the Danish land area based on foraminifera
In the present study comparisons are made between the Miocene North Sea sequences and the Danish onshore formations based on foraminiferal biostratigraphy. Foraminiferal faunas of four onshore borings previously analyzed by Kristoffersen have been reviewed. Biozones NSB 9 - NSB 13 of the offshore sequences were all found in the Danish Miocene formations, and the obtained results promise well for a future more detailed correlation between the North Sea and the Danish land area.
Foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the post mid-Miocene in two boreholes in the Danish North Sea
Cutting samples from two exploration wells, Cleo-1 and Kim-1, in the Central Trough area in the northwestern part of the Danish North Sea, have been investigated for foraminiferal content in the section above the prominent mid-Miocene event. Benthonic foraminifera have been used to produce a stratigraphic subdivision by reference to the standard NSB zonation of King. The NSB 12 to NSB 17 zones (Middle Miocene to Middle Pleistocene) have been identified above the event. These zones can be related to the paleo water depth zonation. Paleoenvironrnental reconstruction shows that sediments from the subject interval from Cleo-1 were deposited in a shallower situation than equivalent deposits in Kim-1. A conspicuous hiatus is identified in Cleo-1 at the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary.
Analysis of the fault geometry of a Cenozoic salt-related fault close to the D-1 well, Danish North Sea
A normal detaching fault in the Norwegian-Danish Basin around the D-1 well (the D-1 fault) has been mapped using seismic sections. The fault has been analysed in detail by constructing backstripped-decompacted sections across the fault, contoured displacement diagrams along the fault, and vertical displacement maps. The result shows that the listric D-1 fault follows the displacement patterns for blind normal faults. Deviations from the ideal displacement pattern is suggested to be caused by salt-movements, which is the main driving mechanism for the faulting. Zechstein salt moves primarily from the hangingwall to the footwall and is superposed by later minor lateral flow beneath the footwall. Backstripping of depth-converted and decompacted sections results in an estimation of the saltsurface and the shape of the fault through time. This procedure then enables a simple modelling of the hangingwall deformation using a Chevron model with hangingwall collapse along dipping surfaces. The modelling indicates that the fault follows the salt surface until the Middle Miocene after which the offset on the fault also may be accommodated along the Top Chalk surface.
Generation of accomodation space around the D-1 fault during the Oligocene, Danish North Sea
Implications of a sequence stratigraphic study of the Oligocene sediments in the Norwegian-Danish Basin around the D-1 well are presented. The study is based on seismic mapping, log interpretations and detailed dating. This paper focuses on the evolution of the accommodation space along and across the D-1 fault since the fault generated deviations in the available accommodation space and has a significant influence on the depositional geometry of the sequences. The results show that displacement across the D-1 is fairly constant along strike during deposition of the older Oligocene sequences. This is in contrast to the youngest Oligocene sequence which has a higher displacement rate and thus significant variations along strike. This emphasises, that the understanding of the structural evolution of local faults in a basin dominated by elastic sediment infill as the Tertiary North Sea has to be as detailed as the sequence stratigraphy, because the fault may have had a significant influence on the depositional geometry, and hence the complete sequence stratigraphic interpretation.
Regional Cenozoic uplift and subsidence events in the southeastern North Sea
The Paleocene topography of the Fennoscandian Shield is indicated by outbuilding towards the Central Trough and the Ringkøbing-Fyn High. From Eocene until Pliocene time three events of relative vertical movements are indicated by changes in outbuilding directions and reflection termination patterns in the central North Sea. The first event of uplift was in the Eocene and resulted in relative uplift of the Mid North Sea High and contemporary subsidence east of it, indicated by a change in outbuilding from north to west. A second event of uplift is indicated to the north of the study area at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary by renewed southward outbuilding in the Norwegian-Danish Basin. In Miocene until Early Pliocene time a relatively stationary, almost east-west striking, basin margin was probably located to the north along the Tornquist Zone as indicated by the continued outbuilding towards the Ringk0bing Fyn High. A third event of relative uplift is indicated east of the study area by changes in the Pliocene outbuilding pattern. After the first event of uplift it appears that the deepest parts of the Eocene North Sea Basin were located more easterly than the deepest parts are today. Apparently the two latest uplift events north and east of the study area were related to movements of, or along the Tornquist Zone or to regional uplift of the Fennoscandian Shield finally resulting in the presentday configuration of the North Sea.
Tertiary fluvial deposits of Jylland, Addit area
Sandy fluvial deposits of Tertiary age are described from three sand pits in the Addit area with up to 28 metres high outcrops. The deposits form up to 20 metres thick fining-upwards successions of mainly large-scale tabular cross-sets of medium and coarse sand interpreted as fluvial bars. Individual successions are capped by thinly interbedded sands and silts and occasionally completed with a coal bed. Concave-up bounding surfaces separate the fining-upwards successions. Channel switching, breaks in active channel aggradation, rapid scour- and filling events and chute activity created bounding surfaces described as a 4-tier hierarchy. The palaeocurrents derived from trough foresets suggest that the channel course was straight rather than sinuous. The current directions were generally to the south and southwest.
Mid-Miocene progradational barrier island and back-barrier deposits, central Jylland, Denmark
This paper reports on a c. 15 m thick section of marine, coastal sand, that combine a hitherto less described fades succession transitional to the Miocene fluvio-deltaic and open marine deposits. The section is exposed in a pit located 10 km northeast of the sandy fluvio-deltaic brown coal bearing strata of the Søby-Fasterholt area, known as the Odderup Formation (Middle Miocene). The section comprises more than 6 m of trough cross-stratified, low-angle cross-stratified and parallel-laminated, sand and gravel, deposited on the foreshore and backshore of a barrier island. Locally these deposits are eroded by a steepsided washover channel with a sandy fill. The overlying back-barrier deposits are up to 9 m thick, and are initiated by a thin bituminous mud bed with a mixture of terrigeneous and marine organic matter. Above, a series of 0.2-2 m thick beds of tangential to sigmoidal cross-stratified sand, often with well preserved topsets, are deposited. These beds are interbedded with ripple-laminated and parallel-laminated sand. Burrows of Ophiomorpha, possibly Skolithos and Arenicolithes occur in the back-barrier deposits and in the top of the washover channel-fill. The succession of well-preserved coastal fades-belts indicates that the depositional area was characterized by a large sediment supply in combination with a rising sea-level. The section was probably formed fairly rapidly during a coastal progradation more or less contemporaneously with the general transgression that led to the deposition of the brackish- marine Hodde Formation and later the fully marine Gram Formation.
Origin of a deep buried valley system in Pleistocene deposits of the eastern central North Sea
In the North Sea, the sedimentary development of the late Tertiary and early Quaternary was dominated by deltaic sedimentation in a fast subsiding basin. During the Pleistocene, pronounced climatic changes affected the sedimentation of the area and progradation of the delta systems ceased. The Middle and Upper Pleistocene sedimentary successions consist of alternations of marine and fluvial deposits, partly reworked during glacial periods. Seismic records from the Danish sector of the North Sea reveal numerous deep incisions cut down from various levels of the Middle and Upper Pleistocene successions. These incisions are concluded to form a pattern of buried valleys. Detailed seismic stratigraphic analysis shows the occurrence of various internal unconformities within these buried valleys. It is concluded that the valleys originate from a river system developed in periods of repeated sea-level changes. Pluvial erosion during glacial sea-level lowstand and glacial meltwater action is proposed to have been responsible for the origin of the valley system. Thus, in Middle and Upper Pleistocene glacial periods drainage and associated sediment transport occurred from Northwest and Central European land areas via a presently buried river system in the southeastern North Sea towards a depositional basin north and northwest of the Danish North Sea sector.
Fibre length by electronic image analysis
A number of electronic image analysis techniques have been applied to preparations of glass fibres obtained from polymer based composites (PES and PPS matrix) in order to automate length measurements. The image analysis sequence developed is described in detail. The functions of the sequence are based mainly on aspects of filtering in the spatial domain by means of convolution, mathematical morphology and conditional measuring. The key image analysis function is directional erosion. Using glycerol jelly strew preparations and transmitted light, the length of 500 glass fibres can be automatically measured in approximately 15 minutes with an array processor-based image analysis system (IBAS 2). The image analysis method is tolerant of impurities and variations in fibre preparation density; the method produces consistent results and errors due to misinterpretation are negligible.
Copyright (c) 1992 Torsten Hoelstad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Palynological preparation techniques, a new Macerationtank-method and other modifications
A safe technique useful in the preparation of spores, pollen, dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs and other acid-insoluble microfossils is described. The technique utilizes a macerationtank for hydrofluoric acid treatment of palynological samples. The hydrofluoric acid is conducted to and from the macerationtank along tubing. Tests of the method are discussed and the macerationtank is described. Some techniques in subsequent preparation are mentioned. These include heavy-liquid separation, oxidation, ethanol water separation (modified), swirling (modified), ultrasonic treatment, filtration.
A source rock evaluation of the Mesozoic Sediments of the Well Hyllebjerg-1 Danish Subbasin
The source rock potential of Mesozoic sediments (cuttings) from the Hyllebjerg 1 well, Danish Subbasin, has been assessed using a number of different petrographical and organochemical methods. Upper Jurassic sediments (Bream Formation) equivalent to the principal source rocks of the North Sea graben structures (Kimmeridge Clay Formation and lateral equivalents) do not show similar prominent source rock characteristics in this well, although a higher proportion of algal material is observed. Sediments with the most promising source rock characteristics for liquid hydrocarbons were· detected mainly in the lower- Jurassic sequences of the upper Fjerritslev Format ion (F-4 and upper F-3 Member) and in one horizon in the Upper Cretaceous Vedsted Formation which showed a good quality composition and a relatively high content of organic matter. But these sediments may be excluded as actual source rocks in this well as maturity (assuming the threshold value near 0. 60 % R ) is first reached at approximately 8500' 0 depth i.e. at the top of the Gassum Formation (Upper Triassic/ Lower Jurassic). The conditions may only by slightly different off - structure is this area, as the F-4 and F-3 Member sequence according to seismic sections is found at approximately the same depth. But the depth to ( and the thickness of) the Fjerritslev Formation is increasing towards the SE into the rimsynclines of the saltdomes nearby. While sufficient maturity is reached in the deeper part of the well, no commercial accumulations of hydrocarbons were encountered. This is attributed to the mainly reworked, unfavourable type of organic matter and the generally decreasing organic content downwards in the well, approaching the lower 1 imi t for potential source rocks ( set at O, 5% TOC). However, generation and migration of small amounts of gaseous hydrocarbons from Gassum Formation sediments containing more humic-influenced organic matter with only minor reworking cannot generally be excluded either here or elsewhere in the basin. Some more attention should also be paid to the Vinding Formation sediments which contain some algae- ri eh ( Botryocous-type) oil-prone horizons of more favourable source rock conditions. Mature sediments are found at shallower depths ( 8500 ') in this well in the central part of the basin compared to the more marginal areas (8900') where a slightly higher geothermal gradient in Jiyllebjerg 1 ( 28°C/km uncorrected) is seen compared with the marginal areas (23.5°C/km uncorrected) away from the basinal depocenter. The basinal depocenter also has a higher heat flow.
Hydrocarbon deposits and sedimentary rocks
A geological concept of the map sheet Rønde based on dynamic structures
During the mapping of the map sheet Rønde 1315 II an important kineto-stratigraphical frame for the Late Middle Weichselian in the central part of Denmark was demonstrated. Quaternary units are deposited on Paleogene sediments consisting of clayey Eocene-Paleocene strata to the southwest and Lower Paleocene-Danian limestone to the northeast. Middle Pleistocene till units are found as erosional remnants on the Prequaternary surface. The Late Pleistocene deposits are described within the kineto-stratigraphical concept, showing an older unit related to a glacial advance from the northeast and a younger one from the south, both belonging to the Late Middle Weichselian glaciation. Prominent extramarginal outwash sand deposits cover - the central part of the map sheet as a part of the drift unit from the south. The low-lying areas have beeen covered by the sea during the Holocene from the transgression in Early Atlantic up to the end of Subboreal. In the Subatlantic, freshwater deposits were formed, later covered by peat.
Glacial Striae, roches moutonnées and ice movements in the Faeroe Islands
The paper deals with glacial striae, roches mountonnees and ice movement in the Faeroe Islands. On an enclosed map, striae and roches moutonnees, partly observed during other field work, are presented together with description of localities. Ice movement is discussed with reference to older works, and it is concluded that the ice reached up to altitudes of more than 700 m and extended far beyond the present coast line. Su6uroy and Sandoy each had a local ice cover, at least during the last glaciation, and in the northern islands the ice radiated out from a principal iceshed running from Vágar to Viðoy. The paper deals with glacial striae, roches mountonnees and ice movement in the Faeroe Islands. On an enclosed map, striae and roches moutonnees, partly observed during other field work, are presented together with description of localities. Ice movement is discussed with reference to older works, and it is concluded that the ice reached up to altitudes of more than 700 m and extended far beyond the present coast line. Su6uroy and Sandoy each had a local ice cover, at least during the last glaciation, and in the northern islands the ice radiated out from a principal iceshed running from Vágar to Viðoy.
Improved graphical computer technique. Applied to mapping of geology and groundwater chemistry in Ribe Amtskommune, Denmark
The article demonstrates the use of a new computer technique which has been used for the hydrogeological mapping in the county of Ribe (Ribe Amtskommune). Geological cross section plots and thematic maps, showing the groundwater chemistry in the two aquifers in the area, have been produced by computer. Contour lines and hatshing have been used to illustrate the chemical variations in the aquifers. Besides the paper summarizes the geology, hydrogeology and hydrochemistry in Ribe Amtskommune.
Foraminifera and biostratigraphy of the Arnager Limestone, Bornholm, Denmark
Foraminifera from the Arnager Limestone, Bornholm, have been recorded and identified. The fauna examined indicated a Coniacian age for the Arnager Limestone. On the basis of this fauna two benthonic foraminiferal zones, the Reussalle kelleri Zone and the Stensioeina exsculpta Zone, are recognized in the limestone. Apart from the index species only the biostratigraphically most significant species are discussed.
Interactive computer processing and interpretation of pumping test data. A Micro-computer program using dynamic graphics
This paper presents a computer program for analysing pumping test data. The program is interactive and may be used with a minimum knowledge of computers. It can be applied to a wide range of transient problem types, from one dimensional groundwater flow to flow in anisotropic aquifers, horizontally as well as vertically. Various forms of type curves based on analytical solutions to the groundwater flow equation are available for the interpretation. The paper includes a listing of the entire computer program containing a total of about 1. 800 lines. The programming language is a BASIC-version suited for the Tektronix 4054, a graphic screen with a refresh option. This option allows the user to perform type curve matching directly on the screen by moving the chosen type curve to the position where it gives the best fit, in a manner similar to traditional manual chart interpretation. Plots of the measured data may be conveniently reproduced in semilog and log-log diagrams, either on the screen or as a hard copy printed by a plotter. The present version of the program makes use of tape cartridges, both for storing program and data files.
Guide to excursion in Bornholm. 8th annual working meeting in Sweden and Denmark of Project Tornquist/Southwest border of the East-European Platform
Bornholm is the easternmost island of Denmark and rather far away from the rest of the country (Fig. 1). Situated in the south-eastern part of the Fenno-Scandian Border Zone (Tornquist Line) with the Fenno-Scandian Precambrian Shield towards the north and the Danish-Polish Subbasin towards the south, Bornholm has a complex tectonic and sedimentological history (like Scania). The pre-Quaternary surface consists of Precambrian basement rocks in the northern part of the island, whereas Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sediments, often separated from the basement by faults, are found in the western and southern part (Fig. 2). The pre-Quaternary rocks are all covered by Quaternary deposits, mainly tills and melt water sediments.
Assessment of geothermal resources and reserves in Denmark. A contribution to the geothermal ressource and reserve estimate of the European Community
In 1979 the European Community (EC) Directorate-General for Research and Development invited the member states to look into the aspects of geothermal resource and reserve evaluation and practical implementation of the assessment exercise within the EC. From fall 1979 to fall 1981 a working group, in which Denmark was represented by E. Gosk, set-up guidelines for a description, classification, and evaluation of geothermal resources and reserves. The guidelines are basically those outlined by Muffler and Cataldi (1978), USGS Circ 790, and applied by Cataldi et al. (1978). Contractors working on geothermal energy within the EC were from 1982 involved in the assessment of geothermal resources and reserves. From Denmark the company Danish Oil and Natural Gas A/S (D.O.N.G. A/S) and the Geological Survey of Denmark (DGU) were invited to participate in the assessment. D.O.N.G. A/S was involved as the company had the concession on geothermal energy in Denmark and was making exploration drilling. DGU was involved as the survey up to that date had made the regional mapping of the reservoirs (Michelsen et al. 1981) and was involved in contract work for the EC. The contract (no. EG-B-3-005-DK(G)) between EC and DGU, 1981-1982, had the goal of investigating the reservoir properties of possible geothermal reservoir rocks. The study was terminated with the report "Geothermal Reservoirs in Denmark" (Priisholm et al. 1982). The above mentioned contract was by a First Supplementary Agreement extended to cover 1983 with the aim of making an assessment of the geothermal resources and reserves in Denmark. The work is terminated with this final report. The report is based on the general geological knowledge of the reservoir properties which are available at the survey from the previous studies and on data made available through the exploration activities of D.O.N.G. A/S. The evaluation of assessments has been carried out as a joint work where D.G.U. has contributed with the geology and reservoir data while Tage Sørensen A/S made the resource and reserve assessments.
Zechstein Salt Denmark. Salt Research Project EFP-81. Volume IV: Microthermometry
Volume IV is part of four volumes elaborated in the course of Salt Research Project EFP-81. The volume deals with studies of fluid inclusions in halite and quartz crystals from Danish salt dornes.
Zechstein Salt Denmark. Salt Research Project EFP-81. Volume III: Fabric analysis of domal rock salt
Volume III is part of four volumes elaborated in the course of Salt Research Project EFP-81. The volume deals with petrofabric analyses of rock salt related to mechanical test data and statistical analysis of these data.
Zechstein Salt Denmark. Salt Research Project EFP-81. Volume II: Stratigraphy
In the Danish part of the Norwegian-Danish Basin 4 cycles of Zechstein evaporites are described. The oldest cycle Z1 is composed of bituminous shale, carbonates, anhydrite, rock salt and, in one well, a potassium mineralization. The older cycle Z2 is composed of bituminous shale, carbonate, anhydrite, rock salt and magnesium - potassium minerals. These latter minerals make up the Veggerby zone, which resembles the German Floz Stassfurt. The younger cycle Z3 is composed of shale, fine sand, subordinate anhydrite and reddish coloured rock salts with two minor potassium mineralizations. The youngest cycle Z4 is composed of shaly sands, subordinate anhydrite and rock salt. No younger cycles are observed. The depositional history of the Danish Zechstein evaporites is given. A strong subsidence of the Norwegian-Danish Basin was initiated at the end of the Rotliegendes and the beginning of the Zechstein. During Zechstein the basin was filled with relatively deep sea sedimentated evaporites in Z1 and in the major part of Z2. From the termination of Z2 to the end of Z4 shallow sea sediments were the dominating type. In connection with the general description is given an outline of the movements of the salt with pillow stage in Late Bunter and with the diapiric movements from Jurassic to recently. Cap rocks are shortly discussed. A summary of the drilling practise is given. The economic geology in relation to the Zechstein is discussed with respect to hydrocarbons, potash and different uses of rock salt.
Zechstein Salt Denmark. Salt Research Project EFP-81. Volume I: Sammendrag af Saltforskningsprojekt EFP-81 (English Summary)
Saltforskningsprojektet under Energiministeriets "Energiforskningsprogram 81" blev institueret i Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelses regie ved Energiministeriets skrivelse J.nr. 221-80 af 23. april 1981. Det var projektets opgave at fremskaffe et grundigt indblik i danske saltdomers indre struktur, mineralogiske sammensætning og saltbjergarternes egenskaber. Projektet omfattede strukturel analyse af samt specielle undersøgelser af saltet boringer, her under mikrostrukturanalyse, mikrotermometri, mineralogi og metamorfose. saltdomerne fra en række petrografi, Projektet blev påbegyndt 1. juli 1981 og· afsluttet med rapportering 31. december 1983. De tildelte bevillinger 1.4 millioner kroner er anvendt dels til aflønning af projektansatte medarbejdere og dels til drift af tilknyttede laboratorier samt fremmede tjenesteydelser. projektperiodens udløb. Budgettet balancerer ved Den daglige ledelse af projektet blev i hele perioden forestået af geolog Johannes Fabricius. Øvrigt personel tilknyttet projektet var geolog Jørgen Gutzon Larsen fra 1/7 1981 til 30/6 1983, geolog Niels Springer fra 21/3 1983 til 30/6 1983. Geolog Fritz Lyngsie Jacobsen har været repræsentant for DGU under hele projektforløbet. Lic. tech. Per Lagoni, LICconsult, har for Energistyrelsen i tilknytning til saltforskningsprojektet udført en statistisk analyse. Endvidere har geologistuderende Martin Sønderholm, laborant Marga Jensen og laborant Gert Grønning været tilknyttet projektet. Sekretær Hanne Nylander har ydet sekretærhjælp. DGU har leveret serviceydelser fra fotolaboratorium, tegnestue og EDB sektion. Litteraturliste er ikke medtaget i Vol. I. Der henvises til References i Vol. II-IV.